Much has been researched and written about the human rights violations of the military forces during the 1970s and 1980s military dictatorships. The focus on the role of the military has occluded the central role police forces played in the coup, the construction of a new neoliberal social order, and in the systematic violation of human rights in the context of the US-sponsored Plan Condor. While several police officers have been found guilty by the courts trying human rights violation cases, little has been done to understand the role of the police during this period. This research project’s goal is to fulfill this gap by examining the role of police forces and policing during the military dictatorships in the Caribbean and Southern Cone. It will do so through archival work and the recollection of oral histories. This work will also contribute to the existing literature on the role of police in crimes against humanity.